IS200ERSCG1AAA ƙwararriyar hukumar kulawa ce ta aminci-mahimmanci da aka ƙera don tsarin sarrafa kuzarin dijital na General Electric (GE) EX2100 da EX2100e. A matsayin memba na dangin kwamitin gudanarwa na Exciter Regulator Trip Control (ERSC), IS200ERSCG1AAA an sadaukar da shi ga ingantaccen saye, sarrafawa, da aiwatar da siginar balaguro wanda ke tabbatar da aminci da rufewar tsarin tashin janareta a ƙarƙashin kuskure ko yanayin aiki mara kyau. IS200ERSCG1AAA yana samar da hanyar haɗi mai mahimmanci a cikin sarkar kariya gabaɗaya, tana aiki azaman ƙirar matakin-hardware tsakanin dabarun kariyar tsarin da masu kunnawa ta jiki waɗanda ke cire haɗin ƙarfin motsa jiki daga iskan filin janareta.
An shigar da shi a cikin madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin EX2100, IS200ERSCG1AAA yana aiki tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da allon sarrafa siginar dijital na DSPX, allon shigarwa/fitarwa na ERIO, da allon sarrafa aikace-aikacen ACLx. Tare, waɗannan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa suna samar da cikakkiyar kariya da tsarin gine-ginen sarrafawa wanda ke sa ido kan tsarin janareta da haɓakawa don yanayi irin su overvoltage, overexcitation, asarar tashin hankali, kuskuren filin filin, da umarnin kulle waje. Bayan gano yanayin da ya cancanci tafiya, IS200ERSCG1AAA yana shiga cikin jerin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun da ke kawar da mai tuntuɓar filin, yana haifar da tsarin de-excitation, kuma yana ba da rahoton abin da ya faru ga mai sarrafawa don sanarwa da shiga tarihi. AMINCI da saurin amsawa na IS200ERSCG1AAA sune mahimman abubuwan da ke hana lalacewa ga rotor janareta, mai jujjuya wutar lantarki, da kayan taimako masu alaƙa yayin abubuwan da suka faru.
Matsayin Tsarin da Haɗin Gine-gine
A cikin tsarin gine-ginen kariya na tsarin EX2100, IS200ERSCG1AAA yana zaune a matakin aiwatar da tafiye-tafiye na kayan aiki, yana cika ayyukan kariyar tushen software da ke gudana akan na'urori na DSPX da ACLx. Yayin da software na aikace-aikacen ke ci gaba da sa ido da aiwatar da matakan kariya masu daidaita lokaci, IS200ERSCG1AAA tana ba da hanyoyin sigina masu ƙarfi da dabarun kada kuri'a don tabbatar da tafiya ko da a yanayin gazawar tsarin sarrafawa. Wannan tsarin haɗe-haɗe-haɗa kaifin basirar software tare da ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki-yana da mahimmanci don cimma babban Matsayin Amintaccen Tsaro (SIL) da amincin da ake tsammanin kayan aikin haɓakar janareta na zamani.
IS200ERSCG1AAA yana mu'amala tare da tsarin ƙasa da yawa a cikin majalisar EX2100:
Interface Interface (ISBus) : IS200ERSCG1AAA yana sadarwa tare da mai sarrafa DSPX ta hanyar jirgin baya na ISBus mai saurin aiki tare. Ana amfani da wannan tashar don watsa bayanan halin tafiya, karɓar sigogin daidaitawa, da kuma shiga cikin matakan bincike na tsarin aiki.
Abubuwan shigar da Kariya : Abubuwan da aka keɓe masu ƙarfi akan IS200ERSCG1AAA suna karɓar siginonin fara tafiya daga ECTB (Exciter Contact Terminal Board), tsarin kariya (PPRO), da na'urar ba da sanda ta kulle ta waje ta abokin ciniki (wanda aka saba ƙera 86G). Waɗannan sigina an keɓe su don tabbatar da cikakkiyar rabuwar galvanic tsakanin filaye da na'urorin lantarki masu sarrafawa.
Direbobin Fitowar Tafiya : IS200ERSCG1AAA tana ba da manyan direbobin fitarwa masu dogaro kai tsaye waɗanda ke ba da ƙarfin kuzari kai tsaye na mai haɗin filin DC (41A/41B) da aika umarnin harbe-harbe zuwa hukumar EDEX (Exciter De-Excitation). An ƙirƙira waɗannan abubuwan da aka fitar tare da madaidaiciyar hanya madaidaiciya don kawar da maki guda na gazawa.
Sa ido kan Feedback : Ra'ayoyin tuntuɓar ma'aikacin filin da kuma siginar ma'ana daga hukumar EDEX ana mayar da su zuwa IS200ERSCG1AAA, yana ba mai sarrafawa damar tabbatar da cewa an kammala jerin tafiya cikin nasara.
A cikin tsari guda uku Modular Redundant (TMR), alluna IS200ERSCG1AAA guda uku - ɗaya a cikin kowane ɓangaren M1, M2, da C - suna aiki a layi daya. Ana zaɓin siginar balaguro mai mahimmanci ta amfani da tsarin dabaru na kayan masarufi 2-fita-3, yana tabbatar da cewa gazawar hukumar guda ɗaya ba zata iya haifar da ko dai balaguron tashin hankali ko gazawar tafiya lokacin da ake buƙata ba. Wannan gine-ginen kada kuri'a wani ginshiki ne na tsarin EX2100 na samuwa da kuma hakurin kuskure.
Cikakken Ayyukan Mahimmanci
1. Samun Siginar Tafiya na Kariya da Gudanarwa
IS200ERSCG1AAA sanye take da abubuwan da aka keɓe masu yawa don karɓar siginonin fara tafiya daga kafofin kariya daban-daban. An tsara waɗannan abubuwan shigar tare da lokutan amsawa da sauri da kuma babban rigakafin hayaniya don hana tayar da ƙarya a cikin mahalli mai hayaniya na wutar lantarki. Alamomin balaguro na farko da IS200ERSCG1AAA suka samu sun haɗa da:
Lockout na waje (86G) : Siginar kullewa mai ƙarfi da abokin ciniki ke kawowa, yawanci ya samo asali ne daga rukunin kariyar janareta. Lokacin da wannan hulɗar da aka saba rufe ta buɗe, yana nuna cewa an gano wata matsala mai mahimmanci ta janareta, kuma dole ne a kawar da tsarin motsa jiki nan da nan. IS200ERSCG1AAA yana gano canjin canji kuma yana fara jerin tafiya a cikin microseconds.
Tafiya Module Kariya (PPRO) : A cikin aikace-aikacen simplex, saurin gaggawar gaggawa ko wani yanayi mai mahimmanci da tsarin kariyar PPRO ya gano yana haifar da siginar tafiya mai ƙarfi zuwa IS200ERSCG1AAA. Wannan siginar yana ƙetare hanyar sadarwar software gaba ɗaya, yana ba da amsa mafi sauri ga yanayin injin da ke barazanar rayuwa.
Tafiya-Ƙaddamar da Software : Mai sarrafa DSPX, a kan gano yanayin tafiya ta hanyar algorithms kariyar software (misali, Over-Excitation Trip OET, Loss of Excitation LOE, V/Hz Trip), yana aika umarnin tafiya zuwa IS200ERSCG1AAA akan ISBus. Sannan hukumar ta aiwatar da jerin tafiyar kuma ta ba da rahoton matsayin kammalawa ga mai sarrafawa.
Kowace shigarwar tafiya a kan IS200ERSCG1AAA an keɓe shi da kyau kuma an tace shi don ƙin hayaniya na wucin gadi yayin kiyaye lokacin amsawa wanda ya dace da buƙatun kariya da aka ayyana a cikin jerin ma'auni na IEEE 421 don tsarin zumudi.
2. Ƙaddamar da Jeri na Tafiya
Bayan karɓar ingantacciyar umarnin tafiya daga kowane tushen tafiya da aka kunna, IS200ERSCG1AAA yana aiwatar da daidaitattun jerin ayyuka da aka riga aka tsara don kawar da kuzarin filin janareta cikin mafi kankantar lokaci mai yuwuwa. Jerin tafiyar yawanci ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa, waɗanda aka haɗa cikin kayan aiki akan IS200ERSCG1AAA:
De-Excitation Firing : IS200ERSCG1AAA nan take ta aika da umarnin harbe-harbe zuwa hukumar EDEX (Exciter De-Excitation Control). Wannan yana haifar da de-excitation thyristor (SCR), wanda ke ba da hanyar gudanarwa ta hanyar juzu'in fitar da filin. Ƙarfin da aka adana a cikin iskar filin janareta yana tarwatsewa azaman zafi a cikin juzu'in fitarwa.
Tafiya Mai Tuntuɓar Filin : A lokaci guda, IS200ERSCG1AAA yana kawar da ƙarfin tafiya na mai tuntuɓar filin DC (41A da zaɓi na 41B), yana sa mai tuntuɓar ya buɗe kuma a zahiri cire haɗin mai sauya wutar lantarki daga filin janareta. Abokan hulɗa akan mai tuntuɓar suna ba da amsa mai zaman kanta ga IS200ERSCG1AAA don tabbatar da cewa mai tuntuɓar ya buɗe.
Tabbatar da Tafiya : IS200ERSCG1AAA yana sa ido kan amsawar ma'anar gudanarwa daga hukumar EDEX da matsayi na taimako daga mai tuntuɓar filin. Yana kwatanta ainihin yanayin waɗannan na'urori da yanayin da aka ba da umarni. Rashin daidaituwa yana haifar da ƙararrawar bincike, kamar DDCMdFbkDif (lambar kuskure 200) ko lambobin bincike masu alaƙa (misali, CMD41_DIAG, lambar kuskure 107).
Rahoto Matsayi : Matsayin kammala kowane mataki a cikin jerin tafiya ana aikawa zuwa DSPX akan ISBs don shiga cikin jerin abubuwan da suka faru (SOE) mai rikodin da kuma sanarwa akan HMI da nunin faifan maɓalli.
3. Tafiya Kulawa da Kulawa da Bincike
IS200ERSCG1AAA ya ƙunshi cikakken aikin sa ido na kewaya tafiya (TCS). Ko da lokacin da tsarin motsa jiki yana cikin aiki na yau da kullun kuma babu tafiya da ke aiki, IS200ERSCG1AAA yana ci gaba da sa ido kan amincin mahimman hanyoyin tafiya. Wannan ya haɗa da:
Ci gaba da Kula da Ƙwayoyin Tafiya : Ƙananan halin halin yanzu yana wucewa ta cikin coil ɗin tafiye-tafiye na mai tuntuɓar filin don tabbatar da cewa da'irar na'urar ta kasance daidai kuma babu kuskuren buɗe ido.
86G Lockout Input Supervision : Ana ci gaba da sa ido akan mutuncin da'irar kullewar 86G na waje. Idan da'irar ta buɗe saboda kuskuren wayoyi ko cire haɗin da aka yi ba da gangan ba, ana iya saita tsarin don samar da ƙararrawa (TripLockout, lambar kuskure 44) ko don aiwatar da tafiya, ya danganta da falsafar kariyar shuka.
Kulawar Samar da Wutar Lantarki : IS200ERSCG1AAA tana lura da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 28 V DC daga jirgin baya. Idan ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya faɗi ƙasa da iyakar aiki, kwamitin yana canzawa zuwa yanayin rashin lafiya wanda ya ɓace zuwa yanayin tafiya, yana tabbatar da cewa asarar ikon sarrafawa baya barin filin janareta da kuzari ba tare da kariya ba.
Tabbatar da Chip ID : Kowane IS200ERSCG1AAA an sanye shi da guntu ID na lantarki a kan jirgi. Yayin ƙaddamar da tsarin, DSPX yana karanta wannan guntu kuma yana tabbatar da cewa an shigar da daidai nau'in allo da bita. Rashin daidaituwa yana haifar da rashin daidaituwar kayan aiki.
4. Zaɓen TMR da Sarrafa Rigakafin
A cikin tsarin kula da TMR, allunan IS200ERSCG1AAA guda uku (a cikin M1, M2, da C) suna aiki cikin haɗin kai don ba da aiwatar da tafiye-tafiye mara kyau. Alamun balaguro daga allunan uku an zaɓi na'urar kayan aiki kamar yadda za a aiwatar da tafiya idan aƙalla biyu daga cikin masu kula da ukun uku suka umarce shi. Akasin haka, kwamiti guda ɗaya da ke ba da umarnin tafiya cikin kuskure za a yi watsi da shi kuma ba zai haifar da rufewar da ba dole ba.
IS200ERSCG1AAA kuma tana goyan bayan kiyaye kan layi a cikin juzu'i masu yawa. Idan an gano kuskure akan ɗayan allunan uku, ana iya ɗaukar sashin kula da abin da ya shafa a layi, a maye gurbin IS200ERSCG1AAA, sa'an nan kuma sashin ya koma aiki ba tare da katse aikin janareta ba. Wannan ƙarfin yana ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun tsarin tsarin kuma dole ne a yi shi daidai da rubuce-rubucen hanyoyin gyara kan layi a cikin Jagoran Kulawa da Magance Matsalar EX2100 (GEH-6675).
Amincewa da Sabis
IS200ERSCG1AAA an ƙera shi don saduwa da madaidaitan ƙa'idodin amincin da ake buƙata don ci gaba da aiki a wuraren samar da wutar lantarki. Ana kiyaye allon da'irar da aka buga ta hanyar abin da ya dace wanda ke kiyaye danshi, ƙura, da gurɓataccen sinadarai masu yawa a cikin mahallin masana'antu. An ɗora allon da injina a cikin rakiyar rikodi mai sarrafawa tare da sukurori biyu na kama kuma ya haɗa da haɗe-haɗen shafuka masu fitar da kaya don aminci, cire kayan aiki mara amfani.
Saboda rawar da yake takawa a cikin sarkar tafiye-tafiye na aminci, IS200ERSCG1AAA an ƙera shi da falsafar 'fail-safe'. Duk wata gazawar cikin gida da ta kawo cikas ga ikon hukumar na aiwatar da balaguro zai sa hukumar ta gaza zuwa yanayin da ke ba da umarnin tafiya, maimakon yin shiru ba tare da aiki ba. Wannan ƙa'idar ƙira tana tabbatar da cewa tsarin tashin hankali koyaushe yana karkata zuwa ga aminci, rashin kuzari.
Maye gurbin IS200ERSCG1AAA yana buƙatar bin ƙayyadaddun hanyoyin kullewa/Tagout (LOTO), saboda allon yana da alaƙa kai tsaye zuwa da'irori waɗanda ke ɗauke da wutar lantarki masu haɗari. An rarraba allon azaman Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) mai hankali kuma dole ne a sarrafa shi ta amfani da madaurin wuyan hannu na ƙasa kuma a adana shi cikin marufi na anti-a tsaye. Bayan maye gurbin, dole ne a tabbatar da tsarin tsarin ta amfani da aikace-aikacen ToolboxST, kuma ya kamata a yi gwajin aiki na sarkar tafiya tare da janareta a layi don tabbatar da aikin da ya dace.
