Saukewa: GE IS215UCVEH2A

IS215UCVEH2A babban kwamfyuta ce ta VME bas guda ɗaya (SBC) wanda General Electric (GE) ya tsara don tsarin sarrafa injin injin Mark VI. A matsayin daidaitaccen samfurin a cikin masu sarrafa jerin UCVE, wannan rukunin yana nuna tsayin 6U, nau'in nau'i-nau'i guda ɗaya kuma yana hawa a cikin rakodin VME da ake kira tsarin sarrafawa, yana aiki azaman core sarrafa na'ura mai sarrafa lambar aikace-aikacen turbine. Tsarinsa shine QNX, ainihin-lokaci, OS mai aiki da yawa wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen masana'antu mai sauri, ingantaccen abin dogaro.

IS215UCVEH2A tana wakiltar ƙarni na masu sarrafawa na yanzu kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a yawancin sabbin tsarin, maye gurbin UCVB da UCVD na baya. Yana amfani da 300 MHz Intel Celeron processor, sanye take da 32 MB na DRAM kuma ko dai 16 ko 128 MB na ƙwaƙwalwar walƙiya, yana ba da wadataccen albarkatun kwamfuta don aikace-aikacen sarrafa lokaci. Mai sarrafawa yana haɗawa ta hanyar 10BaseT / 100BaseTX Ethernet interface guda ɗaya zuwa Babban Hanyar Bayanai ta Duniya (UDH), yana ba da damar haɗin kai tare da Akwatin Kayan aiki, HMI, tsarin kulawa da CIMPLICITY, Series 90-70 PLCs, da DCSs na ɓangare na uku.

Wannan samfurin ya dace da sarrafa kayan aiki masu mahimmanci kamar injin turbin gas, injin tururi, compressors, da janareta, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a sassan masana'antu ciki har da samar da wutar lantarki, mai & gas, sarrafa sinadarai, da ƙarfe.

II. Maɓallin Ayyuka

1. Sarrafa Dabarun Kisa

An ɗora wa mai sarrafa IS215UCVEH2A tare da software na musamman ga aikace-aikacen sa (misali, turbine, injin turbine, injin injin iska, ko ma'auni na shuka). Yana iya aiwatar da dabaru na sarrafawa a farashi har zuwa rungs 100,000 ko tubalan a sakan daya. Yana goyan bayan duka analog da sarrafawa mai hankali, tare da nau'ikan bayanan da suka ƙunshi Boolean, 16-bit/32-bit sa hannu lamba, da maki 32-bit/64-bit, suna saduwa da hadaddun buƙatun sarrafa masana'antu.

2. Musayar Bayanai da Sadarwa

• Sadarwar Bus VME: Yana musanya bayanai tare da allon I/O ta hanyar hukumar sadarwar VCMI. A cikin tsarin simplex, bayanai sun ƙunshi abubuwan sarrafawa da abubuwan da aka fitar daga allunan I/O. A cikin tsarin Sau uku Modular Redundant (TMR), bayanai sun haɗa da abubuwan da aka zaɓa, abubuwan da aka ƙididdige don kada kuri'a na kayan aiki, da ƙimar cikin gida da aka musayar tsakanin masu sarrafawa.

• Sadarwar Ethernet: Sanye take da guda 10BaseT/100BaseTX (RJ-45) Ethernet interface, mai goyan bayan:

• TCP/IP yarjejeniya: Don daidaitawa da sadarwa tsakanin abokan-zuwa-tsara tare da Akwatin Kayan aiki.

• EGD (Ethernet Global Data) yarjejeniya: Don musayar bayanai mai sauri tare da CIMPLICITY HMI da Series 90-70 PLCs.

• Modbus yarjejeniya: Don sadarwa tare da DCS na ɓangare na uku.

• Serial Sadarwa: Biyu RS-232C musaya (COM1 da COM2). An tanadar COM1 don bincike, kuma ana amfani da COM2 don sadarwar bawa na Modbus na serial.

3. Aiki tare da Tsarin da Aiki na Gaskiya

Mai sarrafawa na iya aiki tare da agogon kan allon sadarwa na VCMI ta hanyar katsewar agogon waje, samun daidaito tsakanin ± 100 micro seconds, yana tabbatar da tsauraran buƙatun aiki tare a cikin tsarin masu sarrafawa da yawa.

4. Shirye-shiryen Intanet da Bincike

Yana goyan bayan gyaran kan layi na software na aikace-aikacen ba tare da buƙatar sake kunna tsarin ba. Lokacin da aka gano gazawa, mai sarrafawa yana haifar da lambar kuskure na ciki wanda za'a iya karantawa ta Akwatin Kayan aiki. Duk lokacin da aka kunna rak ɗin, mai sarrafa yana tabbatar da daidaitawar Akwatin Kayan aiki akan na'urar da ke akwai.

5. Taimakon Haƙuri na Sage da Laifi

A cikin tsarin TMR, IS215UCVEH2A na iya aiki tare tare da wasu masu sarrafawa guda biyu don aiwatar da jefa kuri'a, zaɓen fitarwa, da musayar jihohi, haɓaka amincin tsarin sosai.

III. Hardware Architecture

1. Processor da Memory

IS215UCVEH2A yana amfani da microprocessor na Intel Celeron 300 MHz, sanye take da:

• 32MB DRAM (Babban ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya)

• 16 MB ko 128 MB Karamin Flash Module (ajiya)

• 128 KB L2 cache

• 8 KB SRAM mai goyon bayan baturi wanda aka ware azaman NVRAM don ayyukan sarrafawa

2. Alamomin Gaban Gaba

Masu kula da jerin UCVE suna nuna matsayin gaban panel LEDs don nuna matsayin aiki. Ba kamar jerin UCVD ba, jerin UCVE ba sa amfani da LEDs na ginshiƙi biyu don nuna lambobin kuskure; maimakon haka, ana karanta lambobin kuskure na ciki ta software na Akwatin Kayan aiki.

3. Interfaces da Connectors

• Ethernet Interface: 1 RJ-45 connector, goyon bayan 10BaseT/100BaseTX auto-tattaunawa.

• Serial Interfaces: 2 ƙananan ƙananan masu haɗin nau'in D-nau'in 9-pin (COM1, COM2).

• VME Bus Connectors: P1/J1 da P2/J2 masu haɗin jirgin baya don wutar lantarki da sadarwar bas.

• PMC Expansion Site: Rubuce ɗaya mai yarda da IEEE 1386.1 5V daidaitattun PCI don haɓaka aiki.

IV. Cikakken Bayanin Interface

1. Ethernet Interface

IS215UCVEH2A yana ba da 10BaseT/100BaseTX guda ɗaya mai yin shawarwari ta hanyar Ethernet ta amfani da mai haɗin RJ-45. Wannan haɗin gwiwar yana haɗawa zuwa UDH don musayar bayanai tare da Akwatin Kayan aiki, HMI, da sauran kayan sarrafawa. Ka'idoji masu goyan baya sun haɗa da:

• TCP/IP: Tsarin Akwatin Kayan aiki da Sadarwar Tsara-zuwa-tsara. Mai sarrafa yana tabbatar da saitin Akwatin Kayan aikin sa akan kayan masarufi duk lokacin da aka kunna tarar.

• EGD (Bayanin Duniya na Ethernet): Babban musayar bayanai tare da CIMPLICITY HMI da Series 90-70 PLCs don saka idanu da sarrafawa na ainihi.

• Modbus: Yana goyan bayan ƙa'idar Modbus don sadarwa tare da DCS na ɓangare na uku, yana ba da damar haɗin tsarin.

2. Serial Interfaces (COM1 da COM2)

Dukkan mu'amalar siriyal biyu masu haɗin 9-pin D ne ƙananan ƙananan, tare da ayyukan fil ɗin da suka dace da ka'idodin RS-232C.

• COM1: Kafaffen don bincike, 9600 baud, 8 data bits, babu daidaito, 1 tasha bit. Masu amfani za su iya samun matsayin mai sarrafawa da bayanan kuskure ta hanyar tashar tasha, sauƙaƙa yin kuskure akan rukunin yanar gizo da gyara matsala.

• COM2: Mai daidaitawa don sadarwar bawa na Modbus, yana tallafawa 9600 ko 19200 baud. Ana amfani da shi don haɗawa zuwa tsarin sarrafawa da aka rarraba ko wasu na'urori masu lamba don musayar bayanai.

3. VME Bus Interface

Mai sarrafawa yana haɗi zuwa bas ɗin VME ta hanyar haɗin jirgin baya P1 da P2, yana sauƙaƙe musayar bayanai tare da allon I/O da allon sadarwa na VCMI. P1 yana ba da wuta da siginar bas na asali, yayin da ake amfani da P2 don ƙarin adireshi da layin bayanai. Mai sarrafawa yana aiki azaman mai sarrafa bas na VME kuma yana iya fara canja wurin bayanai.

4. PMC Fadada Site

IS215UCVEH2A sanye take da rukunin fadada PMC guda ɗaya wanda ya dace da ma'aunin IEEE 1386.1 5V PCI. Ana iya amfani da wannan rukunin yanar gizon don shigar da ƙarin kayan aikin aiki, kamar ƙarin hanyoyin sadarwa ko keɓaɓɓen kayan aikin I/O, haɓaka sassaucin mai sarrafawa da haɓakawa.

5. Baturi da Canjawar Kanfigareshan

Mai sarrafa ya ƙunshi nau'in batirin Lithium Nau'in 1 wanda aka ƙididdige shi a 3.3 V, 200 mA, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don kula da agogon ainihin lokacin da ajiyar bayanan SRAM yayin asarar wuta. Muhimmiyar sanarwa: Ana jigilar baturi a masana'anta a matsayin naƙasassu. Don kunna baturin, saita canza SW10 zuwa rufaffiyar wuri kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin zane. Lokacin maye gurbin baturi, yi amfani da nau'in daidai.

V. Aiki da Bincike

1. Matsayin Aiki

Bayan loda takamaiman software na aikace-aikacen, mai sarrafa IS215UCVEH2A ya fara aiwatar da dabarun sarrafawa. A lokacin aiki na al'ada, mai sarrafawa yana kula da sadarwa tare da tsarin waje ta hanyar Ethernet da musaya na serial. Idan ana goyan bayan LEDs matsayi na juyawa (a kan wasu samfura), LEDs na gaban panel suna nuna tsarin juyawa; in ba haka ba, dole ne a kula da matsayin ta hanyar software na Akwatin Kayan aiki.

2. Binciken Laifi

Idan gazawar ta faru a cikin mai sarrafawa yayin da take gudanar da lambar aikace-aikacen, mai zuwa zai faru:

• Matsayin Juyawa LEDs yana tsayawa (idan an goyan baya).

• An samar da lambar kuskure na ciki, ana iya karantawa ta Akwatin Kayan aiki.

• Ana nuna ƙararrawar bincike a cikin Akwatin Kayan aiki, yana nuna lambobin kuskure da kwatance.

Don masu sarrafa jerin UCVE, lambobin kuskure ba a nuna su ta LEDs na gaban panel masu walƙiya amma ana karanta su ta software na Akwatin Kayan aiki. Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani ta tashar tashar COM1.

3. Lambobin Laifin gama gari

Koma zuwa lambobin kuskure da aka jera a cikin takaddun (sun dace da kowane nau'in mai sarrafawa), gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga:

Masu amfani za su iya duba cikakken bayanin kuskure a cikin madaidaicin madaidaicin buffer ta Akwatin Kayan aiki (misali, Duba Gabaɗaya Zubar da buffer).

VI. Shigarwa da Kulawa

1. Pre-Shiri Shiri

• Tabbatar cewa an shigar da rumbun VME daidai kuma an kasa.

• Tabbatar da cewa ramin da ake buƙata a cikin rakiyar kyauta ne kuma ya cika buƙatun faɗin ramuka ɗaya.

• Shirya madaidaicin madaurin wuyan hannu don hana lalacewar lantarki ga allo.

• Idan baturi yana buƙatar kunnawa, saitin SW10 mai canzawa daidai.

2. Matakan Shigarwa

1. Kashe Rack: Tabbatar cewa an kashe wutar lantarki kafin saka ko cire kowane allo.

2. Sanya Canjin Baturi: Idan kunna baturin, saita SW10 zuwa rufaffiyar wuri.

3. Saka Mai Sarrafa: Daidaita IS215UCVEH2A tare da jagororin rak kuma tura shi cikin sumul har sai masu haɗin jirgin baya sun cika aiki.

4. Kiyaye Panel ɗin Gaba: Tsara screws a sama da ƙasa na gaban panel don amintar da allo.

5. Haɗa Kebul na waje: Haɗa igiyoyin Ethernet, serial cables, da sauransu, kamar yadda ake buƙata.

6. Kunnawa da Tabbatarwa: Bayan kunnawa, yi amfani da software na Akwatin Kayan aiki don tabbatar da cewa an gane mai sarrafawa daidai kuma yana sadarwa.

3. Shawarwari na Kulawa

• Duban Matsayin Tsari na yau da kullun: Kula da matsayin mai sarrafawa, nauyin CPU, zafin jiki, da sauran sigogi ta Akwatin Kayan aiki.

• Tabbatar da isasshiyar iska: Tabbatar cewa magoya bayan rack suna aiki kuma masu tacewa suna da tsabta don hana mai sarrafawa fiye da kima.

• Tsare-tsare na Anti-Static: Koyaushe sanya madaurin wuyan hannu lokacin da ake sarrafa allo. Ajiye allo a cikin jakar da ba a yi amfani da ita ba.

• Kula da baturi: Kula da rayuwar sabis ɗin baturin. Bincika lokaci-lokaci kuma maye gurbin idan ya cancanta (amfani da nau'in daidai kawai).

• Haɓaka Firmware: Idan haɓaka firmware ya zama dole, bi ƙa'idodin hukuma na GE don guje wa katsewa yayin aiwatarwa.

• Gudanar da Sassan Kayan Aiki: Ana ba da shawarar kiyaye aƙalla mai sarrafawa iri ɗaya a kan rukunin yanar gizo azaman keɓe don rage raguwar lokacin rashin nasara.

4. Haɓaka La'akari

Lokacin maye gurbin tsohon mai kula da UCVB tare da IS215UCVEH2A, lura da waɗannan:

• Ana Bukatar Haɓaka Jirgin Baya: Jerin UCVE bai dace kai tsaye tare da jiragen baya don masu sarrafawa na farko ba.

• Haɓaka Cabling na Ethernet: Haɓakawa daga 10Base2 (coaxial) zuwa 10Base-T (nau'i-nau'i masu karkatarwa).

• Tabbatar da Daidaituwar Kanfigareshan: Tabbatar da daidaitawar Akwatin Kayan aiki ya dace da sabon kayan masarufi.

VII. Aikace-aikace

Ana amfani da mai sarrafa IS215UCVEH2A sosai a cikin yanayin yanayi masu zuwa:

• Gas Turbine Control: A matsayin babban mai sarrafawa a cikin tsarin Mark VI, aiwatar da sarrafa man fetur, sarrafa sauri, kula da zafin jiki, saka idanu na konewa, da dai sauransu.

• Gudanar da Turbine na Steam: Yin aiki tare da tsarin DEH (Digital Electro-Hydraulic Control) don sarrafa saurin turbine, kariya, da sarrafa kaya.

• Sarrafa Kwamfuta: Kula da rigakafin cutar hawan jini, haɓaka aiki, da jeri don bututun bututu da kwampressors.

• Sarrafa jan hankali na Generator: Yin hulɗa tare da tsarin motsa jiki don ƙa'idar ƙarfin lantarki, sarrafa wutar lantarki, da aiki tare da grid.

• Ma'auni na Shuka (BOP) Sarrafa: Gudanar da dabaru da tsarawa don kayan aikin taimako kamar tukunyar jirgi, famfo, fanfo, da tsarin ruwa mai sanyaya.

• Haɗaɗɗen Tsirrai Masu Wutar Zagaye: Haɓaka injin turbin iskar gas da aikin injin tururi a cikin madaidaitan shaft ko shaft guda ɗaya don haɓaka ingantaccen aiki gabaɗaya.

• Haɓakawa da Ayyukan Gyarawa: Sauya tsofaffin UCVB da masu kula da UCVD don haɓaka aikin tsarin da aminci.